Republican co-sponsor Sen. James Whitfield of Texas called the bill "proof that the center still holds," noting that the final text reflected more than 18 months of negotiation. The vote drew praise from business groups, labor unions, and environmental advocates — a coalition rarely united on Capitol Hill.

The Congressional Budget Office estimates the bill will reduce the federal deficit by $120 billion over ten years while adding an estimated 1.4 million jobs. Critics, however, argue the price tag underestimates long-term costs and warn of inflationary risks in the current economic climate.

President Carter welcomed the Senate passage, calling it a "milestone for American workers" and signaling he would sign the bill if it clears the House without significant alterations. House Speaker Daniel Ortiz has indicated he will schedule a floor vote within three weeks.